氣力輸送系統(tǒng)主要由四部分組成：動(dòng)力源、供料裝置、輸送裝置、分離裝置，每個(gè)部分都需要專用硬件設(shè)備來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)所需的要求。進(jìn)行一次完整的氣力輸送，需要依次完成：動(dòng)力源提供壓縮氣流—供料器供給物料顆?！斔脱b置完成管道運(yùn)輸與分流—分離裝置將物料顆粒與氣流分離。

　　The pneumatic conveying system mainly consists of four parts: power source, feeding device, conveying device, and separation device, each of which requires dedicated hardware equipment to achieve the required requirements. To carry out a complete pneumatic conveying, it is necessary to complete the following steps in sequence: the power source provides compressed air flow, the feeder supplies material particles, the conveying device completes pipeline transportation and diversion, and the separation device separates material particles from the air flow.

　　動(dòng)力源是氣力輸送系統(tǒng)中必不可少的元件，包括各種類型的壓縮機(jī)、鼓風(fēng)機(jī)、風(fēng)扇和真空泵等。在氣力輸送系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，需要確定實(shí)現(xiàn)可靠輸送所需的氣流和壓力（正壓或負(fù)壓）。

　　The power source is an essential component in pneumatic conveying systems, including various types of compressors, blowers, fans, and vacuum pumps. When designing a pneumatic conveying system, it is necessary to determine the airflow and pressure (positive or negative) required to achieve reliable conveying.

　　在供料裝置，根據(jù)物料顆粒運(yùn)動(dòng)在不同區(qū)域內(nèi)變化規(guī)律的不同，可以將供料裝置內(nèi)部區(qū)域劃分為混合區(qū)、加速區(qū)、穩(wěn)定輸送區(qū)。在混合區(qū)，固體顆粒被引入流動(dòng)的氣流中。由于固體進(jìn)入流場(chǎng)時(shí)基本上處于靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)，因此當(dāng)固體與流動(dòng)的氣體混合時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生較大的動(dòng)量變化，這種勢(shì)能變化是加速區(qū)的主要特征。加速區(qū)通常由一段一定長(zhǎng)度的水平管道組成，被設(shè)計(jì)用于加速固體顆粒到某種“穩(wěn)定”流動(dòng)狀態(tài)。

　　In the feeding device, the internal area of the feeding device can be divided into a mixing zone, an acceleration zone, and a stable conveying zone based on the different patterns of material particle movement in different regions. In the mixing zone, solid particles are introduced into the flowing airflow. Due to the fact that solids enter the flow field in a basically static state, significant momentum changes occur when they mix with flowing gases, and this potential energy change is the main characteristic of the acceleration zone. The acceleration zone is usually composed of a horizontal pipeline of a certain length, designed to accelerate solid particles to a certain "stable" flow state.

　　在氣固分離裝置內(nèi)，物料顆粒從氣流中分離出來(lái)。分離工作主要借助特定的氣固分離系統(tǒng)完成，選擇合適的氣固分離系統(tǒng)取決于許多因素，其中最重要的是固體顆粒的大小。根據(jù)固體顆粒特性的不同，可以使用許多不同配置的氣固分離系統(tǒng)分離物料。旋風(fēng)分離器以其幾何簡(jiǎn)單、分離效果好、維護(hù)方便和價(jià)格低廉的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，在工業(yè)中廣泛用于從氣體中分離灰塵或用于產(chǎn)品回收。

　　In the gas-solid separation device, material particles are separated from the gas flow. The separation work is mainly accomplished through specific gas-solid separation systems, and the selection of a suitable gas-solid separation system depends on many factors, among which the most important is the size of solid particles. According to the different characteristics of solid particles, many different configurations of gas-solid separation systems can be used to separate materials. Cyclone separators are widely used in industry for separating dust from gases or for product recycling due to their advantages of simple geometry, good separation efficiency, easy maintenance, and low cost.

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